Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Leroy Stevens discovers the first embryonic stem cells through the study of mice teratomas.
1953
The term "stem cells" first appears in scientific literature in the works of Ernst Haeckel
1868
John Gurdon clones tadpoles from an enucleated fertilized egg and a somatic nucleus
1962
1998
2001
2006
2001
1996
Ian Wilmut successfully clones the first sheep, whom he named "Dolly".
James A. Thompson creates human embryonic stem cells after experimenting with monkeys.
Takashi Tada shows that embryonic stem cells have genes that can reprogram somatic cells.
U.S. President George W. Bush allows 21 human embryonic stem cell lines to be researched.
Shinya Yamanaka proves skins cells from mice can be reprogrammed into immature stem cells.
2007
James A. Thompson creates a human iPSC from human fibroblasts using 4 genes.
2007
Shinya Yamanaka also proves that the reprogramming of skin cells is possible using 4 different genes.
